Day 12, Wednesday, June 3, 2009, Dinosaurs, and Home

I’d set the alarm, and we got up had breakfast, and were on the road before 11. We never did get an early start the entire trip. We drove through a little bit of the main drag of Rawlins – it seemed depressed.

We were going to have to push hard today to make it home. I was willing to stop overnight if need-be in some place like Richfield, Utah … I didn’t have to make my class in Cedar City until Noon.

I didn’t promise any excursions to Ben. But, Dinosaur National Monument would be on our route. I’d been there in 1992 with Mary Jo, and it was really cool. It has 2 visitors' centers on either end, and we would be hitting the side that Mary Jo and I skipped.

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From Rawlins we went west for about 20 miles on I-80, before exiting onto Wyoming 789 going south. We could have stayed on I-80 until we reached I-15: that would have been about 4 hours to Park City, and about 4 more to Salt Lake City. At this point, the interstate might have saved us time, but we’d seen the sights along most of that way.

The number of pronghorn we saw in Wyoming was absurd. I’d seen a handful around Cedar City, but I estimated we saw 400-700 in Wyoming.

Just before the Colorado border we went through a town called Baggs. The Little Snake River was flooding there, and we had to drive through a few inches of water that were crossing the road. Two hours out of Rawlins we came to Craig, Colorado, where my cousin Barbara used to live. It’s smaller than Cedar City. There we turned west onto US 40.

We saw the last of the pronghorns west of Craig. We’d also been seeing black-footed ferrets since our morning in South Dakota two days before, but they disappeared when we got into this new country.

I probably shouldn't have taken the picture of Ben while driving.

It was sunny and we were getting into more familiar looking Great Basin desert: rocky and rolling, with lots of sage brush, and a few pinon and juniper trees. It looked like home: less green and grassy than Wyoming.

About 2, we turned into Dinosaur National Monument and went to the Visitor’s Center (and gift shop!). There we learned that the main visitor’s center at the other end of the park had been closed for good. It was built on unstable ground, and had been condemned.

I was upset. That place was one of the wonders of the world: a huge wall of hundreds of easily visible fossilized dinosaur bones formed one of the walls of the building.

Here’s a photo from someone else who got to see it a few years ago.

I inquired about short hikes that were suitable for kids, and I was advised to do the hike at the other visitor’s center. So this sidetrip was a waste – but Ben got more loot.

Half-an-hour later we were at the other Visitor’s Center by the Yampa River. They say it’s temporary, but it looks like one of those “temporary” government structures that will last for 30 years before they get around to replacing it.

For the hike, they drive you up to the old visitor’s center, and you can walk down a trail with fossils along it. It was a beautiful day, and a great hike – a bit on the hot side, and we were might thirsty by the time we hit the bottom.

The condemned Visitor's Center.

 

The hike wound down this valley to the Yampa River.

Ben on the trail - the kid has an eagle-eye. He told me there were fossilized fish scales all over the trail, and when I didn't believe him, he found 3 in less than a minute.

Ben by a fossil femur.

Ben with some pictographs.

That rock by Ben is just studded with little marine fossils – mostly mussels.

 

Wildflowers

 

The trail is obviously a low budget solution – they put a spot of spray paint by any significant fossil that you ought to check out.

Dinosaur National Monument is known for it’s large number of fossils of camarasaurus – a medium-size long-necked plant eater. Here’s a femur.

Here’s a more complete, but worn, femur.

 

It’s hard to see if you don’t blow up this picture, but there’s a fossilized spine tucked in the crack at the top left.

Here’s a close-up.

 

So many fossils are found here because of the tremendous uplifting and tilting. A rock like this was one side of the old visitor’s center.

An arch in the distance.

 

Nicely colored rocks.

We hit the gift shop again, and headed out around 3 PM. The Yampa River – a tributary of the Green, which is the largest tributary of the Colorado, flows right past the visitor’s center. It’s the biggest river without a dam in the west. It sure is pretty.

We drove on to Vernal, which is the biggest town in the northern part of eastern Utah. It has a small, state dinosaur museum. I didn’t want to stop, but Ben insisted. It was right on the main drag, so it wasn’t a tough sell.

I’ve now been to several small museums in Utah. If you are ever traveling out west, I recommend any of them over any big city museum back east. They are small and intimate. They have better displays, with more up-to-date information. And they all focus on locally available fossils. 

The museum in Vernal is still under construction. Here’s the Diplodocus in the lobby.

 

This reminded me of a Daffy Duck cartoon we all love: a painter is taking a bream from doing the background for a diorama. It looks so simple!

I thought this was one of the neatest displays I’ve ever seen. It was an entire wall of flagstones, each with a different plant fossil in it. So cool.

 

Ben by a diorama of some uintatherium – these are mammals that lived in the area about 30 million years ago.

Outside, this museum has a beautiful garden with some life-size sculptures.

Ben with a moschops – an amphibian carnivore from about 250 million years ago.

Ben with a dimetrodon from the same era.

Wildflowers

A cheesy looking tyrannosaurus rex and triceratops.

 

Some protoceratops with some sort of therapod.

A luvenile allosaurus

We left the museum just before 5, and went to McDonald’s for some food and coffee. Then we gassed up the tank for the home stretch. Could we make it home on one tank of gas, and before nightfall? It was over 300 miles - I doubted we could do it on one tank, but we were on home turf so I thought I'd be able to make it by dark.

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We stayed on US 40/191 going west. There was a lot of construction: the Vernal area is undergoing an oil and gas boom.

When we got to Duchesne, US 191 split from US 40, and headed southwest, following canyons through the West Tavaputs plateau. Mary Jo and I had been on this road in 1995, but it was the only road I regretted taking the entire trip. Don’t get me wrong – it was a good road. But, it twists and turns a lot, and when you’re in a truck it was hard to maintain speed. Towards the end, we crossed the same desolate valley where we’d seen a UPS truck 14 years before.

We returned to civilization in Helper, and ran quickly east of due south down to Price. The latter also looks like its booming compared to earlier years. We then turned southwest again on Utah 10.

I’d never been down this road before, and it was another good one – straight and flat, with big shoulders, and broad curves. The little cow towns are strung out like pearls along it, but most of them didn’t require you to slow down for long.

I bypassed another potential sidetrip. Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry is off this road – 30 miles off on a gravel road. Ben wanted to go, but he didn’t push too hard, and I reminded him that it was after 5 and the gift shop was surely closed.

That road ended at I-70 on the western edge of the San Rafael Swell. There we turned west, and crossed the Wasatch and dropped down into Salina. We sped across the flatlands, and then back over the Tushar mountains to I-15. There we turned south towards Cedar City.

We didn’t make it without stopping for gas though. I was nervous: the gage was low when we passed a gas station near Richfield, and I found out the hard way that it was 60 miles of so to the next gas station in Beaver. The gage was on empty, but the idiot light was not on when we pulled in and tanked up. I called Mary Jo and told her we’d be home in less than an hour.

We pulled into Cedar City, and wound the truck up the switchbacks onto Leigh Hill. Then I went around our block and came up on our house from the backside, so that I could park by our big gate that’s close to the French doors leading into the basement. We were home.

We’d driven 2700 miles, in 45 hours, spread over 6 days, and it was much easier than I thought it would be. That’s a longer trip, done at a faster rate, than my brother and I did in 1991. But, back then our truck was full, and it had a carburetor with a governor that got us down to about 5 MPH just before the Eisenhower Tunnel.

We went in and got Mary Jo and Hope, and the four of us unloaded the truck. It wasn’t that full, and we were probably done in an hour. I took the truck back the next day, and bargained for whatever settlement I could get for the extra boxes and materials I’d bought. And I made my class at Noon.

I hope it was a trip that Ben will always remember. Perhaps this blog will help.

Day 11, Tuesday, June 2, 2009, Pool Slide, Devils Tower – Asparagus of the Gods, Drizzle and Pronghorns

We slept in and woke to the alarm. Late enough so that we could just catch the late hotel breakfast. And it was a good one – with an automated waffle maker that pushed all my brain’s gadget buttons.

Next we headed to the pool to make up for the night before. It was indoors, on the cool side, and devoid of people. And, it had a big slide – more of a flume really. I think we each went down it once before it broke down. I told the desk, and they sent someone to fix it … and said we could check out late if we wanted to play for a while after it was fixed. I’m a big kid on a water slide, and I probably went down it a dozen times. Then we hit the hot tub. In the end, I don’t think we got out of the parking lot until 12:30.

I’d made Ben an offer that morning: we’d have to push hard in the evening, but we could probably fit in a touristy spot today. He already knew it was going to be Devils Tower. I’d been showing him the movie in case I could find the time to swing by there, and he’d apparently been looking at maps or brochures somewhere and knew it was close by.

Yes, I am spelling Devils Tower correctly (you can look it up) … but I’m not sure whether whomever named it got their spelling correct.

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I also had to bite the bullet about routes. The major routes in the intermountain west tend to go northwest to southeast, following the Rockies. I needed to go northeast to southwest, and there aren’t any interstates going that way. So, I decided to go U.S. and state highways for most of the last two days. This had worked out OK in the midwest, and past experience had indicated that those are pretty good routes out west. The targets for the end of the day were Rock Springs, Rawlins, or Casper, with Rock Springs probably being too optimistic.

But, out of Rapid City, we continued on I-90, going towards the northwest, with the Black Hills on our left. They aren’t black, but they are darker than the surrounding plains, and they do contrast with the White Hills – the less well-known name of the badlands behind us. And they’re not hills – they’re small, jagged, nasty-looking forested mountains.

It drizzled all day. Nearly a perfect drizzle: no sun in my eyes while driving, and perfectly lubricated wipers set on the longest intermittent delay. In a little over an hour, we got off I-90 to drive the 30 miles or so to Devils Tower.

Since it isn’t in South Dakota, it isn’t readily apparent from a map that it’s at the northwest tip of the Black Hills. But the long distance views confirm that there are other buttes and peaks of similar size in the area.

Devils Tower is a national monument, so the gift store did not thrill Ben.

The model in the gift shop cried out for Richard Dreyfuss though.

This is the view you get from the door of the gift shop.

The hike thrilled both of us. It starts right at the parking lot, and heads off into tall, pine woods on an asphalt trail.

I've learned from movies that the Lakota view the Black Hills as sacred, but at Devils Tower they really take it seriously.

 

Prayer cloths and bags like these were scattered all through the woods visible from the trail.

 

I took a ton of pictures – the trail had great sight lines, and every time you looked up it seemed like the Tower had changed. It has a greenish tone to it, and distinct grooves and columns; we thought that it looked like the asparagus of the gods.

  

These boulders have fallen off the side of the tower. In the tower, they are columns, but when they fall it is easy to see that they are prisms, with flat edges and clearly defined angles.

Here's an explanation of the sharp edges and angles.

This is taken from around the other side of the tower, but looking up you can clearly see how it is composed of a bunch of prisms, like a faggot of sticks bound together with no rope.

This formation is towards the top.

Here's a close-up of the same formation where you can really see the polygonal ends of the prisms.

 

On the east side of the tower you couldn't see out of the forest.

As you came around the west side of the tower, there were openings to see into the distance. Not much to see though, as you’re looking away from the Black Hills. On a clear day I’d think you’d see the Big Horn Mountains out there in the distance.

You can tell that my lens was getting a bit damp from the drizzle.

If you enlarge this, and look closely, you can see the remains of climbing ladders and gear from the first attempts to summit Devils Tower about 100 years ago.

 

The guy on the left is looking through a mounted telescope, through which you can pick out the ladders fairly easily.

Ben hiking amongst the boulders at the base of Devils Tower.

King of the hill

Ahead of us is one of the biggest pieces of column that we saw.

I should have had Ben stand by this for perspective, but the lower edge right in front of the trail was about 4 feet off the ground, and the top edge was more like 15. Ben couldn’t find a way to get up this rock.

He did find a way to get to the top of this one.

You can’t see the surface of the top of the tower, but from this angle, you can definitely see that it slopes away in the other direction. The guide says that it is a fairly flat meadow up there.

These looked like wild snapdragons.

We left the national monument around 4, and hit a souvenir store right past the border. Now they had some exquisite crap – all sorts of alien and close encounters nonsense. They even had an “alien baby” in a big pickle jar filled with what looked like windex. I laughed so hard, and asked them how much it was. They said it didn’t have a price, no one had ever offered to buy it, and they’d have to call the owner. I told them not to bother.

It was half-an-hour back to the interstate, and we crossed over the Belle Fourche River. It’s mostly 10-20 fee wide, but it looks deep, and it meanders like nothing I’ve ever seen. We crossed it a few more times before hitting I-90. From there it was half-an-hour more to Gillette, with a bridge over the Belle Fourche River along the way. Ben had a hankering for a fish sandwich at McDonald’s, so I made him a deal that I would stop if he ate in the truck while I got gas. That saved us a few minutes, which was a good thing since the main drag at the exit was completely torn up with widening and construction.

We headed south in the drizzle on Wyoming 59. Staying on I-90 would take us too far west to catch I-25, and then we’d have to follow that back to the southeast. This road went due south. The traffic was heavy but fast. We were in serious coal strip mining country, and it was all guys in pick-up trucks. We crossed the Belle Fourche river again. And again. And again. We also took some bridges over railroad tracks with long coal trains on them. Most of the trucks turned into a big operation at a crossroads village named Wright. They turned left, and we turned right.

We saw our first Wyoming pronghorn there, and I took this picture.

I’d seen pronghorn once up close, and a few times in the distance near Cedar City. When I did I’d researched up these bit of trivia. Americans call them antelope, but they aren’t. Antelope are restricted to the old-world, and more closely related to goats, sheep, and cows than deer. Pronghorns aren’t even deer. They are in the same infraorder as those mammals, along with giraffes, but they are the only non-extinct member of their own family that evolved separately in North America to fill the same niche that those other animals filled in the old world. Pronghorns have a real problem with man: they move by bounding forward instead of up, so just about any sort of fence completely stops them. There aren’t many fences in Wyoming, and there are a lot of pronghorns.

Now we headed southwest on Wyoming 387, and we only saw a vehicle coming our way every 10 miles or so.

Of all things, this Fed Ex truck was in front of us for the longest time. He was hauling a**, and was hard to catch and pass. It reminded me of seeing a UPS truck in the middle of nowhere with Mary Jo back in the early 90’s.

There were many more pronghorns. And, we crossed the Belle Fourche River a few more times before finally leaving it behind.

We met back up with I-15 after 110 miles, having cut off 50 miles of interstate. We were now on the main north-south corridor through Wyoming, so it was exurban until we got into Casper. We stopped for a coffee and gas there around 6:45. I got a little nervous that I’d missed our exit because of how much of the city we had to go through to get to our next exit.

We headed southwest again on Wyoming 220, since I-25 was now going southeast towards Laramie and Cheyenne. We passed the biggest ranch we’d ever seen: miles of white vinyl horse fence, before a big gate, and then a few more miles of horse fence. The place easily had 10 miles of frontage on the road, and no back end in sight, so it probably was a few hundred thousand acres.

I had no listing of other sites on this road. I wish I had, and that it was a bit earlier. First we passed Independence Rock. It looks a bit like Ayers Rock in Australia. This was a landmark on the Oregon Trail: you had to reach it by Independence Day if you were going to make it to Oregon before the snow hit. Next up was Devil’s Gate, another trail landmark that I’d heard of.

Last was Martin’s Cove. That place is a big deal to Mormons. Mormon pioneers in the 1850’s were often so poor that they brought handcarts – rather than wagons – across the plains. In 1856 a handcart party left the east too late in the season, and was trapped in Martin’s Cove by a blizzard in early November. About a third of the party died, and Brigham Young had to send out a rescue party. It’s now popular among Mormons to take a summer “vacation” to Martin’s Cove to reenact the handcart experience.

After that, we turned onto U.S. 287, which wasn’t as nice a road as the Wyoming highways we’d been taking.

We pulled into Rawlins just before 9, after cover over 400 miles for the day – 300 since Devils Tower. My gamble on taking 2-lane roads had paid off: the roads were fantastic, the traffic was light, and the route saved us a lot of time. We were game, but 100 more miles to Rock Springs on I-80 didn’t seem worthwhile. Plus, I was thinking of going to Dinosaur National Monument the next day, and if we went to Rock Springs, we’d have to backtrack 20 miles or so to get there. We checked into a motel, hit the pool, and went to bed.

Day 10, Monday, June 1, Kindle, Badlands, Wall Drug, and Mount Rushmore

We slept in until the alarm went off around 9:30. If Ben wanted to swim, we needed to be out of the room by 11.

So, we had the complimentary breakfast – slim pickings in South Dakota, and hit the pool. It was a really nice pool – indoors, warm, with a sauna.

Afterwards, I had to get on the internet. My online class had started the previous Tuesday, and I had not been able to connect with them as much as I’d expected. Fortunately, I hadn’t set much as actually due because students were still adding the class. I troubleshot the issues that were posted, and logged off.

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We stopped for gas before leaving. South Dakota is the place where no one from the Obama administration has ever set foot. Everyone smokes. Everyone hunts. Everyone rides a motorcycle. Most of the men have facial hair. And they buy beer by the case at 11 AM on a Monday. There was more than one person doing that at a convenience store right in the middle of town. They weren’t buying much else.

And we were off on what turned out to be our shortest driving day – under 200 miles. I had a vague plan of turning southwest after hitting Mount Rushmore, and making it to some place like Cheyenne, Wyoming, although a littler town like Torrington or Newcastle was closer and seemed more realistic. This would turn out to be too optimistic.

We went back down that street, past our motel, and straight on to the bridge over the Missouri River. It was a long, low bridge – there’s probably only barge and pleasure boat traffic on the river. I was surprised at how wide it was, and it didn’t look very shallow, just slow moving. I always kind of thought of the Missouri as a big flat creek, but it was a lot more substantial than that. Of course, it’s so heavily dammed these days that the it’s basically just a system of reservoirs in this part of the country.

On the far side, we climbed the bluff, and got back on I-90. It was very different than the previous evening, and in a little while we passed the 100th meridian. This is the unofficial borderline of the American West. And it looked like the west: distinctly drier, browner, and more open. If you’re trying to visualize this on a map, the 100th meridian is the western border of the main part of Oklahoma with Texas.

For me, it felt like going home. I tried to explain to Ben, and he told me that he had liked the gray, wetter weather of the east. Go figure. It's kind of weird that he was saying this, because it clouded up and started to drizzle not long after.

Ben had finished his book. He didn't bring enough, and I think he'd read them about 3 times. So, I offered to get him a book on my Kindle. He had no idea what to get, but I did. As a backup plan, I'd looked at books for 10 year-old boys and decided he would probably like Percy Jackson and the Lighting Thief. Before we'd left I'd checked to make sure it was available on Kindle. So, click, click, and Ben had a new book. But, the drizzle and the drive were getting to him, and a bit later I heard him snoring.

An abandoned farm - we saw quite a few of these in western South Dakota.

After about 2 hours, the drizzle stopped, the clouds cleared a little, and we made it to Badlands National Park. Bob was right; you pull off the interstate and you're in the park right away.

And I was stunned. I liked Badlands as much as Bryce Canyon or Arches: it’s easily accessible from your car, not too long, and you feel safe watching your kid be a kid. It’s not as colorful as Bryce Canyon, or as unique as Arches, but it’s much more “playground-like” than either of them.

We stopped at the first viewing area, and walked out a trail into this view. The beginning of the trail was a boardwalk, with signs on the sides to beware of rattlesnakes.

Some gay, French motorcyclists took our picture.

These three are out near the tip of the fin we were on. I guess there isn’t enough greenery out at the end to make the rattlesnakes much of a problem.

Ben by a drop-off.

Ben, tempting fate.

We followed those guys through much of the park.

From the same parking area, we hiked off on a boardwalk going in another direction.

There were no rattlesnake signs in this area, so I felt a little more comfortable about Ben getting off the trail.

I think this is a roadrunner, but it’s smaller than the ones we have in Utah.

Beware of armored mud balls!

Ben liked this butte on his side of the truck.

Hiking a trail above the visitor’s center.

Looking behind from the trail, with Nebraska in the distance.

Ben was excited, and hiked ahead while I took pictures.

It wasn’t very shady, but this was a nice little wood to walk through.

We drove on for a while, and came to this next viewing area. This was the area where Ben was really able to get off the trail and play. These next 5 shots are ones I took while exploring.

Here’s 6 of Ben exploring.

Four videos of Ben having a ball.

Ben had a riot climbing in this area - there were no signs for rattlesnakes here, probably because there's nothing for them to eat right here,

Ben fails to climb a small pinnacle - not for lack of effort.

Ben sliding down from another pinnacle.

Off at a run.

Driving through Badlands was so pretty, with the contrast between the plants and barren rock..

Ben on a boardwalk looking at a fossil found here.

The fossil

We drove on to another viewing area called Yellow Mounds. In the distance, Ben is climbing up the mound.

The quality of the video doesn't do this shot justice, but it was really amazing the way the wind made the grass flow back and forth in this valley.

Three shots from the parking lot.

That one there is the one Ben and I climbed.

Above are 6 shots I took from the top of the big mound closest to the parking area.

Ben hiking in the distance.

What was really amazing about this spot, and which doesn't come through well in the video, is the sound: wind blowing, grass hissing, birds chirping, and little animals scurrying everywhere.

This is looking back from the spot where I took the video. This boardwalk is long – perhaps 1000 feet. When you get out on it you feel like you’ve left civilization. You still get a sense of what they said in the 19th century that this was a sea of grass.

We drove out of Badlands, about 5:30 PM, and into a tourist trap! The 2-lane road goes into a village called Wall, but the whole village is basically Wall Drug. You don't have to stop, but it's the only game in town. Wall Drug is an old-fashioned western pharmacy that started adding attractions and more shops about 75 years ago. The whole thing now occupies an entire block. It probably is no bigger than a Wal-Mart, but it feels like it is. Surrounding it are motels, diners, parking lots, and more shops. My guess is that everyone who lives in that town works there (although I did talk to a guy in one of the shops who said he commuted from Rapid City every day.

Mary Jo said we could pick her up a cigar store indian if we saw one cheap. They were for sale, but not in my price range.

I thought this pendant tree was beautiful.

Pioneer Ben

Easterners think the jackalope is mythical, but westerners know better.

When you're 10, and have cash in your pocket, the animatronic T-Rex in a store just gets a shrug of the shoulders before you bolt to shop some more.

Ben drinks a lot of sugar on an empty stomach.

That blue thing he's drinking must have a lot of sugar in it. I'd just told Ben how embarrassed my friend Chuck Bechmann was in 7th grade when he saw the word tipi on the board and asked what a tippy was.

I’m not sure how long we stayed at Wall Drug – it’s a maze, and there are no clocks. We ate dinner and I had several cups of nickel coffee though. We dropped a lot of money there, and left with a lot of loot. For Ben, it was like 20 gift shops all rolled into one.

I was looking for smelly, girly stuff for Mary Jo. I tried out something, and realized it was a scent I’d always loved, and had never known the name of: you catch it in pastures, and by roadsides once in a blue moon. The scent was sweetgrass. It grows everywhere, but slowly, so you don’t notice it much. The Lakota though, use it in ceremonies. So I brought her some sweetgrass hand lotion. She liked it so much, she bought a bunch more off the internet as gifts. And, she’s bought a bunch of plants and put them around our house, and they’re amazing.

We headed out, and it was still light, but it was cloudy again. We headed for Rapid City, which is about 45 minutes west. By this time I had to think about a room for the night. The first place we stopped had 2 hotels connected by an indoor waterpark. We were so there … but they had no vacancies. Ben was ticked. I was worried that other places might be full, and the signs indicated as much. But, we didn’t end up having much trouble, and got a room at the next place.

At the desk I asked about directions to Mount Rushmore. Without prompting, they said, “if you’re going to see the night program you need to leave now”. I asked if the night program was good, and they said it was the best part. I took the room keys, and we got right back in the truck.

There were right. The drive takes about 30 minutes, and we were able to drive comfortably, park, walk normally, and be in the viewing area within a few minutes of the show starting.

On the way, I took this shot: if you don’t like the presidents that are on the mountain, I guess you can buy one of your own.

When we pulled into the parking lot we saw this. We both thought it was so cool when I got the truck: all U-Haul trucks have a state or city on them, and ours was Northwest Territories, with a picture of ice road truckers. It was unique. No one was going to have one of those, and we didn’t see one on the rest of the trip. But, there in the parking lot at Mount Rushmore, was another ice road trucker. It was the only other one we saw.

Here’s Ben at the entrance to the Visitor’s Center. It’s kind of over-the-top in a Greek temple sort of way.

Presidential pops

This is the start of the night program at Mount Rushmore. There is an amphitheatre below us, and we are on a viewing deck at the back. It's pitch black, and you can't see the mountain when the ranger comes out and does their spiel.

This is towards the end of the program, and it was very moving. After the ranger gives their 10 minute show, they invite all the veterans on stage - and let them help - with the lowering of the flag. While this is going on, they fire up the lights on the mountain.

Here's the lights just starting to come on.

Here’s the two of us after the show.

This avenue has the flags of all 50 states, and the 6 districts, commonwealths and territories flying. And ... look at the size of the gift shop at the end! Ben got some loot there ... but it was actually probably the cheesiest gift shop on the whole trip - lots of souvenir spoons for ladies who's husbands are vets, and the like.

We drove back to the hotel. Rapid City is very tourist friendly, but not easy to get around when you don’t know the way. It was late, and the pool was closed. We’d swim in the morning again.

Our room had just a king size bed. We snuggled up and watched the remainder of Close Encounters of the Third Kind.